Pneumatics and hydraulics are two branches of engineering that deal with the use of fluid power to perform work. Pneumatic systems use compressed air or other gases, while hydraulic systems use incompressible liquid fluids for power transmission. Pneumatic components are widely recognized for their ability to provide rapid movement and precise control at relatively low power, making them ideal for applications requiring a high degree of safety and speed, such as in assembly lines or material handling systems. Hydraulic systems, on the other hand, are known for their high power density and can exert tremendous force with precise control, hence their frequent use in heavy machinery such as excavators, cranes, and hydraulic presses.
Both systems feature eLEMents like valves, cylinders, actuators, and pumps to create mechanical motion, and they play crucial roles in various industrial settings. Pneumatics is typically employed where simplicity, safety, and cleanliness are paramount, especially in industries like packaging, medical devices, and light material handling. Hydraulics is preferred for its superior power and control in more demanding applications such as construction, mining, and agriculture. Prominent manufacturers known for their pneumatic and hydraulic components include Bosch Rexroth, Parker Hannifin, SMC Corporation, Festo, and Eaton, each contributing to the advancement of fluid power technology and applications across diverse industries.