A solar cell, often referred to as a photovoltaic cell, is a specific type of sensor that absorbs sunlight and transforms it into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. The primary function of a solar cell is to convert light energy directly into electrical energy. It is a key component in solar panels and solar power systems, enabling the generation of electricity to power a variety of applications and devices, from household appliances to larger scale energy grids. The beauty of solar cells lies in their ability to generate energy from a renewable source - the sun, making them a sustainable and eco-friendly energy solution.
Solar cells are typically used in a wide array of applications which includes powering calculators, wristwatches, and other small devices to larger outputs such as providing electricity for homes and industries. They are also used in remote locations where there is no access to grid electricity or, in scenarios where independent power sources are needed such as satellites in space. Key characteristics include their source of energy that is plentiful and renewable, and their virtually non-existent operating costs after initial setup and installation. They require very little maintenance due to the absence of moving parts. Major manufacturers of solar cells include First Solar Inc., Jinko Solar, Trina Solar, Yingli Solar, and Canadian Solar Inc.